保养维修纸箱包装机械六步骤 Six steps to maintain carton packaging machinery
上个世纪70年代前,我国纸箱生产设备都是单机手工操作,生产效率很低,80年代,部分纸箱企业开始引进日本先进设备、瓦楞纸板生产线、水性印刷开槽机、圆压圆模切机等,国内纸箱机械企业开始模仿引进设备。
因从国外引进设备价格昂贵,国内纸箱企业大多数无法接受,这为国内机械设备企业打开了销路,形成目前较为先进的纸箱机械设备。但是,根据目前纸箱生产的发展,对纸箱机械设备的要求也越来越高。这就为纸箱机械企业进一步开发高速、高科技纸箱机械设备指明了方向。
纸箱企业早期(上世纪80年代)引进的国外瓦楞纸板生产线已使用了20多年,必*被更新淘汰,需要购置较为好的瓦线。国内大中型纸箱企业有一定的经济实力和市场竞争能力,他们的产品是名、特、优的大批量、高质量中纸箱,当然需要高质、宽幅瓦楞纸板生产线。国内机械企业如能生产制造"四高一宽"设备,肯定能被纸箱企业接受。因国内线与进口线相比价格差距很大,进口线没有较强的经济实力是买不起的,而国内线价格较低易被纸箱企业接受。当然,国内瓦线与国际瓦线还存在一定的差距,主要应该在结构、速度、材质、加工精度方面不断努力,组织人才加强研究不断改进,花上8-10年时间赶上国际先进水平是可能的。
单面瓦楞机组在上世纪80年代至90年代初期一哄而上,适应中小纸箱企业,替代单机手工操作是可行的,但是不能与瓦楞纸板线相比。单面瓦楞机组生产纸板具有软、质量差、原纸浪费大等弱点。目前各地推行"集中制板,分散制箱"这样一个行业内部合作生产的格局,单面瓦楞机组必然会被淘汰。
纸箱机械设备制造业今后方向是减少普通瓦线,发展中高.档瓦线。三层瓦线和五层普通瓦线属于低档产品,由于速度慢、质量差、档次低,不能满足市场需求,阻碍纸箱企业的发展。有些企业的普通瓦线使用时间过长、设备老化,必*更新为中高.档瓦线。当然,有些中小型企业由于经济条件和销售额限制,为发展生产暂时只能购置普通型瓦楞线。另外,对不同地区也要区别对待。纸箱包装发达省市,如广东、江苏、浙江、上海等地区基本上都适宜上高.档生产线。而西部地区经济落后,包装业也相对落后,个别省区还没有瓦线,依赖单机和单面机生产纸箱,西部地区有的省市没有几条生产线,把普通型瓦线当成"宝",还有发展的空间。所以,普通型瓦线还适应中小型纸箱企业和经济落后的西部地区,不能淘汰。但是,纸箱机械制造企业的目标,应面向纸箱包装发达地区,纸箱机械也要向具有高科技含量方向发展。
国内纸箱机械与国际上先进的国家相比还有较大差距,如与美国、德国、日本、意大利等国差距很大,设备价格差距更大。国内纸箱机械行业应该进一步提高产品质量,争取向国际先进靠拢。
内地纸箱机械与我国台湾地区同类产品相比也有差距。目前台湾地区纸箱机械设备制造厂到内地各省市办企业,要同内地纸箱机械设备企业竞争,占领内地市场。台湾机械设备价格较低,只比内地同类产品高30%-50%,容易被内地纸箱企业接受。
Before the 1970s, China's carton production equipment was single machine manual operation, and the production efficiency was very low. In the 1980s, some carton enterprises began to introduce Japanese advanced equipment, corrugated board production line, water-based printing slotting machine, circular die-cutting machine, etc., while domestic carton machinery enterprises began to imitate the imported equipment.
Due to the high price of imported equipment from abroad, most domestic carton enterprises can't accept it, which opens up a market for domestic machinery and equipment enterprises and forms a relatively advanced carton machinery and equipment at present. However, according to the current development of carton production, the requirements of carton machinery and equipment are also higher and higher. This points out the direction for carton machinery enterprises to further develop high-speed, high-end, efficient and high-tech carton machinery and equipment.
The foreign corrugated board production line introduced by carton enterprises in the early period (1980s) has been used for more than 20 years, so it must be replaced and eliminated, and high-grade corrugated board production line needs to be purchased. Domestic large and medium-sized carton enterprises have certain economic strength and market competitiveness. Their products are famous, special, high-quality and high-quality medium and high-grade cartons. Of course, they need high-quality, high-grade, high-speed, efficient and wide corrugated board production lines. If domestic machinery enterprises can produce "four high and one wide" equipment, it will be accepted by carton enterprises. Because the price gap between the domestic line and the import line is huge, the import line can not afford without strong economic strength, and the domestic line is easy to be accepted by carton enterprises because of its low price. Of course, there is still a certain gap between the domestic and international tile production lines. We should make continuous efforts in the aspects of structure, speed, material quality and machining accuracy, organize talents to strengthen research and continuous improvement, and spend 8-10 years to catch up with the international advanced level.
From 1980s to early 1990s, the single-sided corrugating machine set went up in a rush to adapt to the small and medium-sized carton enterprises. It is feasible to replace the single machine manual operation, but it can not be compared with the corrugating line. The paper board produced by single side corrugating machine has the weakness of softness, poor quality and large waste of base paper. At present, the implementation of "centralized plate making, decentralized box making" such a pattern of cooperative production within the industry, single-sided corrugating unit is bound to be eliminated.
The future direction of carton machinery and equipment manufacturing industry is to reduce common tile line and develop medium and high grade tile line. Three layer tile line and five layer common tile line are low-grade products. Due to the slow speed, poor quality and low grade, they can not meet the market demand and hinder the development of carton enterprises. In some enterprises, the ordinary tile line has been used for a long time and the equipment is aging, so it must be renewed to medium and high grade tile line. Of course, some small and medium-sized enterprises due to economic conditions and sales restrictions, in order to develop production, can only buy ordinary corrugated line. In addition, different regions should be treated differently. Carton packaging developed provinces and cities, such as Guangdong, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shanghai and other areas are basically suitable for high-end production lines. However, the western region is backward in economy, and the packaging industry is also relatively backward. Some provinces and regions have no tile production line, and rely on single machine and single-sided machine to produce cartons. Some provinces and cities in the western region do not have several production lines. They regard ordinary tile production line as "treasure" and have room for development. Therefore, the ordinary tile line is also suitable for small and medium-sized carton enterprises and economically backward western regions, can not be eliminated. However, the goal of carton machinery manufacturing enterprises should face the developed areas of carton packaging, and carton machinery should also develop in the direction of high-tech content.
There is a big gap between domestic carton machinery and international advanced countries, such as the United States, Germany, Japan, Italy and so on. Domestic carton machinery industry should further improve product quality, and strive to move closer to the international advanced.
There is also a gap between the mainland carton machinery and similar products in Taiwan. At present, Taiwan's carton machinery and equipment manufacturers set up enterprises in various provinces and cities in the mainland to compete with the mainland carton machinery and equipment enterprises and occupy the mainland market. The price of machinery and equipment in Taiwan is low, only 30% - 50% higher than that of similar products in the mainland, which is easy to be accepted by mainland carton enterprises.
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